Bariatric endoscopy, care-curative medicine and legal conflicts. Spanish Bariatric Endoscopy Group (Gettemo-SEED) Positioning.

Bariatric endoscopy treats obesity as a disease, in addition to its multiple associated comorbidities, so it should be considered in the "care-curative" field and not as "satisfying, voluntary or outcoming" medicine. Insufficient weight loss cases, or complications may occur. This, in parallel with the greater diffusion of these techniques, results an increase in the risk of complaints and judicial claims, which will presumably grow during next years. In this sense, we consider that all Bariatric Endoscopic Units working with medical-scientific rigor, must be able to be accredited and have legal support by the Scientific Societies. We propose to create a Medical-Legal Advisory Committee, composed of a medical team and a specialized law firm, which allows advising and guiding the endoscopist when incurring in a conflict.

SEED Consensus Document on SpyGlass-DS. / Documento de consenso de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva sobre SpyGlass-DS.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the technique of choice for the treatment of biliopancreatic pathology. However, fluoroscopic imaging does not always allow an adequate diagnosis. On the other hand, some large stones cannot be removed by the usual methods. In these situations, cholangioscopy has proven to be an essential tool for the diagnosis of biliary strictures and the treatment of large stones. Its role in pancreatic pathology is also increasing. The development of a single-operator, disposable cholangioscope has made it possible to expand the technique to a large number of hospitals that perform ERCP. For this reason, the Spanish Society of Digestive Endoscopy has developed this consensus document on the use of the Spyglass-DS cholangioscope. The document has been prepared by a group of endoscopists with expertise in cholangioscopy, reviewing the scientific evidence on the main current indications for cholangiopancreatoscopy.

Lesiones premalignas de la vía biliar extrahepática. Un territorio por explorar de la mano de la colangioscopia / No disponible

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Premalignant lesions of the extrahepatic biliary tract. A territory to be explored hand in hand with cholangioscopy.

The biliary mucosa, both intrahepatic and extrahepatic, is lined by a single layer of columnar cells with oval nuclei near the base and a slightly eosinophilic cytoplasm. Although normal biliary ducts have no goblet cells, there are periductal mucous glands lined by mucus-producing cuboidal cells, with mucin from these glands draining to the lumen of bile ducts.

CHOLANGIOPANCREATOSCOPY. WORKING PROTOCOL. SEED Recommendations.

Direct endoscopic visualization of biliary and pancreatic ducts represents one step further in the journey of digestive endoscopy. It allows the identification of lesions that were previously attainable through indirect means. Directed biopsy taking has permitted a better characterization of the lesions. The use of power sources through the cholangiopancreatoscope means that it is now possible to fragment and remove refractory lithiases using traditional endoscopic systems. This document aims to define the advisable workflow when using a single-use, flexible cholangiopancreatoscope with the commercial name of SpyGlass®. Penning a set of guidelines to provide instructions on the technique, as well as tips and tricks related with the operation of these endoscopes will be a useful resource.

Principales medidas de profilaxis en endoscopia bariátrica. Guía Española de Recomendación de Expertos / No disponible

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Main prophylactic measures in bariatric endoscopy. Spanish Expert Recommendations Guideline.

Bariatric endoscopy (BE) encompasses a number of techniques -some consolidated, some under development- aiming to contribute to the management of obese patients and their associated metabolic diseases as a complement to dietary and lifestyle changes. To date different intragastric balloon models, suture systems, aspiration methods, substance injections and both gastric and duodenal malabsorptive devices have been developed, as well as endoscopic procedures for the revision of bariatric surgery. Their ongoing evolution conditions a gradual increase in the quantity and quality of scientific evidence about their effectiveness and safety. Despite this, scientific evidence remains inadequate to establish strong grades of recommendation allowing a unified perspective on prophylaxis in BE. This dearth of data conditions leads, in daily practice, to frequently extrapolate the measures that are used in bariatric surgery (BS) and/or in general therapeutic endoscopy. In this respect, this special article is intended to reach a consensus on the most common prophylactic measures we should apply in BE. The methodological design of this document was developed while attempting to comply with the following 5 phases: Phase 1: delimitation and scope of objectives, according to the GRADE Clinical Guidelines. Phase 2: setup of the Clinical Guide-developing Group: national experts, members of the Grupo Español de Endoscopia Bariátrica (GETTEMO, SEED), SEPD, and SECO, selecting 2 authors for each section. Phase 3: clinical question form (PICO): patients, intervention, comparison, outcomes. Phase 4: literature assessment and synthesis. Search for evidence and elaboration of recommendations. Based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine classification, most evidence in this article will correspond to level 5 (expert opinions without explicit critical appraisal) and grade of recommendation C (favorable yet inconclusive recommendation) or D (inconclusive or inconsistent studies). Phase 5: External review by experts. We hope that these basic preventive measures will be of interest for daily practice, and may help prevent medical and/or legal conflicts for the benefit of patients, physicians, and BE in general.

Unidades de endoscopia, statu quo / Endoscopy units - Statu quo

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Endoscopy units - Statu quo.

Local management of a gastrointestinal endoscopy unit is usually conditioned by its physical structure and its provision of both technical and human resources. It often involves a legacy of guidelines and plans that were developed for scenarios far removed from current needs and actualities.

Formación básica en endoscopia digestiva para los médicos residentes de la especialidad de Aparato Digestivo. Recomendaciones de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva (SEED) / Basic training in digestive endoscopy for resident physicians in gastroenterology. Recommendations by the Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva (SEED)

La endoscopia digestiva es la herramienta más efectiva en el diagnóstico de muchas enfermedades del tracto digestivo y constituye una parte esencial en la formación de un médico interno residente (MIR) de Aparato Digestivo. La Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva (SEED), conocedora de todos los avances técnicos acontecidos en los últimos años, cree necesario definir un programa de competencias que deben adquirir los especialistas de aparato digestivo en formación durante su residencia. En este artículo se describen los objetivos de la formación en endoscopia, las técnicas que se deben conocer y las habilidades que se deben adquirir tanto en diagnóstico como en terapéutica. Finalmente, se propone un modelo para la evaluación de competencias

Digestive endoscopy is the most effective tool available for the diagnosis of multiple gastrointestinal (GI) tract conditions, and it represents a key aspect in the training of gastroenterology residents according to the Spanish MIR (médico interno residente) program. The Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva (SEED), aware of all the technical advances that have emerged during the past few years, deems it necessary to define a program of the skills specialists-in-training in gastroenterology should acquire during their residency. This paper describes the goals of endoscopy training, the techniques that should be mastered, and the diagnostic and therapeutic skills this specialty requires. Finally, a model is suggested for the assessment of competence

Basic training in digestive endoscopy for resident physicians in gastroenterology. Recommendations by the Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva (SEED).

Digestive endoscopy is the most effective tool available for the diagnosis of multiple gastrointestinal (GI) tract conditions, and it represents a key aspect in the training of gastroenterology residents according to the Spanish MIR (médico interno residente) program. The Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva (SEED), aware of all the technical advances that have emerged during the past few years, deems it necessary to define a program of the skills specialists-in-training in gastroenterology should acquire during their residency. This paper describes the goals of endoscopy training, the techniques that should be mastered, and the diagnostic and therapeutic skills this specialty requires. Finally, a model is suggested for the assessment of competence.

Impacto de la utilización de stents colónicos como puente a la cirugía de neoplasias colorrectales oclusivas potencialmente curables sobre los resultados quirúrgicos y oncológicos / Impact on surgical and oncological results of the use of colonic stents as a bridge to surgery for potentially curable occlusive colorectal neoplasms

INTRODUCCIÓN: La seguridad y los resultados oncológicos de los pacientes tratados con stents cólicos como puente a la cirugía (PAC) son controvertidos. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los efectos sobre los resultados quirúrgicos y oncológicos de los stents como PAC de las neoplasias colorrectales oclusivas potencialmente resecables. MÉTODOS: Análisis retrospectivo de los pacientes intervenidos por neoplasia colorrectal oclusiva potencialmente resecable con o sin enfermedad a distancia entre septiembre de 2002 y octubre de 2015, comparando los pacientes tratados con stent como PAC (grupo Stent) con los intervenidos de forma urgente (grupo Cirugía). RESULTADOS: Veinte pacientes fueron intervenidos directamente, mientras que se intentó la colocación de un stent en 57 pacientes. En el grupo Stent hubo más intervenciones laparoscópicas (64,9 vs. 5%, p < 0,001), más anastomosis primarias (91,2 vs. 55%, p = 0,001), menos estomas (10,5 vs. 50%, p = 0,001) y una estancia postoperatoria más corta (7 vs. 12 días, p = 0,014). La morbilidad a los 30 días fue menor en el grupo Stent, pero no de forma significativa (29,8 vs. 50%, p = 0,104), aunque sí lo fue la mortalidad (1,8 vs. 20%, p = 0,015). Respecto a los resultados oncológicos, no se encontraron diferencias significativas al comparar la supervivencia global, el intervalo libre de enfermedad, la supervivencia libre de recidiva local o a distancia ni la supervivencia libre de progresión. CONCLUSIONES: La utilización de stents cólicos como PAC de las neoplasias colorrectales oclusivas potencialmente resecables parece proporcionar mejores resultados quirúrgicos y resultados oncológicos equiparables a los de los pacientes intervenidos directamente

INTRODUCTION: The outcomes of patients treated with colonic stents as a bridge to surgery (BTS) have recently been questioned in terms of safety and long-term oncologic outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects on surgical and oncologic outcomes of colonic stents as a BTS for potentially resectable obstructive colorectal cancer. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients operated on for potentially resectable obstructive colorectal cancer with or without distant disease between September 2002 and October 2015, comparing the patients treated with a colonic stent as a BTS (Stent group) with those directly operated on (Surgery group). RESULTS: Twenty patients underwent urgent surgery, while stent placement as a BTS was attempted in 57 patients. The Stent group had more patients treated with a laparoscopic approach (64.9 vs. 5%, P < .001), higher primary anastomosis rate (91.2 vs. 55%, P = .001), less need for stomata (10.5 vs. 50%, P = .001) and shorter postoperative hospital stay (7 vs. 12 days, P = .014). Thirty-day morbidity was reduced in the Stent group, although not significantly (29.8 vs. 50%, P = .104). However, 30-day mortality was significantly lower (1.8 vs. 20%, P = .015). Regarding the long-term oncologic outcomes, no significant differences were found when comparing overall survival, disease-free survival, local recurrence-free survival, distant recurrence-free survival or progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: Colonic stenting as a BTS for potentially resectable obstructive colorectal cancer seems to offer better surgical and equal long-term oncologic outcomes when compared to those of patients directly operated on

Extensión metastásica gástrica de carcinoma ductal infiltrante de mama con presentación endoscópica atípica / Gastric metastatic extension of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with atypical endoscopic presentation

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Impact on surgical and oncological results of the use of colonic stents as a bridge to surgery for potentially curable occlusive colorectal neoplasms. / Impacto de la utilización de stents colónicos como puente a la cirugía de neoplasias colorrectales oclusivas potencialmente curables sobre los resultados quirúrgicos y oncológicos.

INTRODUCTION: The outcomes of patients treated with colonic stents as a bridge to surgery (BTS) have recently been questioned in terms of safety and long-term oncologic outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects on surgical and oncologic outcomes of colonic stents as a BTS for potentially resectable obstructive colorectal cancer. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients operated on for potentially resectable obstructive colorectal cancer with or without distant disease between September 2002 and October 2015, comparing the patients treated with a colonic stent as a BTS (Stent group) with those directly operated on (Surgery group). RESULTS: Twenty patients underwent urgent surgery, while stent placement as a BTS was attempted in 57 patients. The Stent group had more patients treated with a laparoscopic approach (64.9 vs. 5%, P<.001), higher primary anastomosis rate (91.2 vs. 55%, P=.001), less need for stomata (10.5 vs. 50%, P=.001) and shorter postoperative hospital stay (7 vs. 12 days, P=.014). Thirty-day morbidity was reduced in the Stent group, although not significantly (29.8 vs. 50%, P=.104). However, 30-day mortality was significantly lower (1.8 vs. 20%, P=.015). Regarding the long-term oncologic outcomes, no significant differences were found when comparing overall survival, disease-free survival, local recurrence-free survival, distant recurrence-free survival or progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: Colonic stenting as a BTS for potentially resectable obstructive colorectal cancer seems to offer better surgical and equal long-term oncologic outcomes when compared to those of patients directly operated on.

Hepatitis aguda por virus de la hepatitis E tras el consumo de carne cruda / Acute hepatitis due to hepatitis E virus after raw meat consumption

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Aspectos médico-legales de la endoscopia digestiva. Congreso de la SEED. Zaragoza 2015 / No disponible

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